Srimad Bhagavatam · Canto 9 · Chapter 21
श्रीशुक उवाच वितथस्य सुतान् मन्योर्बृहत्क्षत्रो जयस्तत: । महावीर्यो नरो गर्ग: सङ्कृतिस्तु नरात्मज: ॥ १ ॥
sri-suka uvaca vitathasya sutan manyor brhatksatro jayas tatah mahaviryo naro gargah sankrtis tu naratmajah
Sukadeva Gosvami said: Because Bharadvaja was delivered by the Marut demigods, he was known as Vitatha. The son of Vitatha was Manyu, and from Manyu came five sons—Brhatksatra, Jaya, Mahavirya, Nara and Garga. Of these five, the one known as Nara had a son named Sankrti.
गुरुश्च रन्तिदेवश्च सङ्कृते: पाण्डुनन्दन । रन्तिदेवस्य महिमा इहामुत्र च गीयते ॥ २ ॥
gurus ca rantidevas ca sankrteh pandu-nandana rantidevasya mahima ihamutra ca giyate
O Maharaja Pariksit, descendant of Pandu, Sankrti had two sons, named Guru and Rantideva. Rantideva is famous in both this world and the next, for he is glorified not only in human society but also in the society of the demigods.
वियद्वित्तस्य ददतो लब्धं लब्धं बुभुक्षत: । निष्किञ्चनस्य धीरस्य सकुटुम्बस्य सीदत: ॥ ३ ॥ व्यतीयुरष्टचत्वारिंशदहान्यपिबत: किल । घृतपायससंयावं तोयं प्रातरुपस्थितम् ॥ ४ ॥ कृच्छ्रप्राप्तकुटुम्बस्य क्षुत्तृड्भ्यां जातवेपथो: । अतिथिर्ब्राह्मण: काले भोक्तुकामस्य चागमत् ॥ ५ ॥
viyad-vittasya dadato labdham labdham bubhuksatah niskincanasya dhirasya sakutumbasya sidatah vyatiyur asta-catvarimsad ahany apibatah kila ghrta-payasa-samyavam toyam pratar upasthitam krcchra-prapta-kutumbasya ksut-trdbhyam jata-vepathoh atithir brahmanah kale bhoktu-kamasya cagamat
Rantideva never endeavored to earn anything. He would enjoy whatever he got by the arrangement of providence, but when guests came he would give them everything. Thus he underwent considerable suffering, along with the members of his family. Indeed, he and his family members shivered for want of food and water, yet Rantideva always remained sober. Once, after fasting for forty-eight days, in the morning Rantideva received some water and some foodstuffs made with milk and ghee, but when he and his family were about to eat, a brahmana guest arrived.
तस्मै संव्यभजत् सोऽन्नमादृत्य श्रद्धयान्वित: । हरिं सर्वत्र संपश्यन् स भुक्त्वा प्रययौ द्विज: ॥ ६ ॥
tasmai samvyabhajat so ’nnam adrtya sraddhayanvitah harim sarvatra sampasyan sa bhuktva prayayau dvijah
Because Rantideva perceived the presence of the Supreme Godhead everywhere, and in every living entity, he received the guest with faith and respect and gave him a share of the food. The brahmana guest ate his share and then went away.
अथान्यो भोक्ष्यमाणस्य विभक्तस्य महीपते: । विभक्तं व्यभजत् तस्मै वृषलाय हरिं स्मरन् ॥ ७ ॥
athanyo bhoksyamanasya vibhaktasya mahipateh vibhaktam vyabhajat tasmai vrsalaya harim smaran
Thereafter, having divided the remaining food with his relatives, Rantideva was just about to eat his own share when a sudra guest arrived. Seeing the sudra in relationship with the Supreme Personality of Godhead, King Rantideva gave him also a share of the food.
याते शूद्रे तमन्योऽगादतिथि: श्वभिरावृत: । राजन् मे दीयतामन्नं सगणाय बुभुक्षते ॥ ८ ॥
yate sudre tam anyo ’gad atithih svabhir avrtah rajan me diyatam annam saganaya bubhuksate
When the sudra went away, another guest arrived, surrounded by dogs, and said, O King, I and my company of dogs are very hungry.
स आदृत्यावशिष्टं यद्म बहुमानपुरस्कृतम् । तच्च दत्त्वा नमश्चक्रे श्वभ्य: श्वपतये विभु: ॥ ९ ॥
sa adrtyavasistam yad bahu-mana-puraskrtam tac ca dattva namascakre svabhyah sva-pataye vibhuh
With great respect, King Rantideva offered the balance of the food to the dogs and the master of the dogs, who had come as guests. The King offered them all respects and obeisances.
पानीयमात्रमुच्छेषं तच्चैकपरितर्पणम् । पास्यत: पुल्कसोऽभ्यागादपो देह्यशुभाय मे ॥ १० ॥
paniya-matram ucchesam tac caika-paritarpanam pasyatah pulkaso ’bhyagad apo dehy asubhaya me
Thereafter, only the drinking water remained, and there was only enough to satisfy one person, but when the King was just about to drink it, a candala appeared and said, “O King, although I am lowborn, kindly give me some drinking water.”
तस्य तां करुणां वाचं निशम्य विपुलश्रमाम् । कृपया भृशसन्तप्त इदमाहामृतं वच: ॥ ११ ॥
tasya tam karunam vacam nisamya vipula-sramam krpaya bhrsa-santapta idam ahamrtam vacah
Aggrieved at hearing the pitiable words of the poor fatigued candala, Maharaja Rantideva spoke the following nectarean words.
न कामयेऽहं गतिमीश्वरात् परा- मष्टर्द्धियुक्तामपुनर्भवं वा । आर्तिं प्रपद्येऽखिलदेहभाजा- मन्त:स्थितो येन भवन्त्यदु:खा: ॥ १२ ॥
na kamaye ’ham gatim isvarat param astarddhi-yuktam apunar-bhavam va artim prapadye ’khila-deha-bhajam antah-sthito yena bhavanty aduhkhah
I do not pray to the Supreme Personality of Godhead for the eight perfections of mystic yoga, nor for salvation from repeated birth and death. I want only to stay among all the living entities and suffer all distresses on their behalf, so that they may be freed from suffering.
क्षुत्तृट्श्रमो गात्रपरिभ्रमश्च दैन्यं क्लम: शोकविषादमोहा: । सर्वे निवृत्ता: कृपणस्य जन्तो- र्जिजीविषोर्जीवजलार्पणान्मे ॥ १३ ॥
ksut-trt-sramo gatra-paribhramas ca dainyam klamah soka-visada-mohah sarve nivrttah krpanasya jantor jijivisor jiva-jalarpanan me
By offering my water to maintain the life of this poor candala, who is struggling to live, I have been freed from all hunger, thirst, fatigue, trembling of the body, moroseness, distress, lamentation and illusion.
इति प्रभाष्य पानीयं म्रियमाण: पिपासया । पुल्कसायाददाद्धीरो निसर्गकरुणो नृप: ॥ १४ ॥
iti prabhasya paniyam mriyamanah pipasaya pulkasayadadad dhiro nisarga-karuno nrpah
Having spoken thus, King Rantideva, although on the verge of death because of thirst, gave his own portion of water to the candala without hesitation, for the King was naturally very kind and sober.
तस्य त्रिभुवनाधीशा: फलदा: फलमिच्छताम् । आत्मानं दर्शयां चक्रुर्माया विष्णुविनिर्मिता: ॥ १५ ॥
tasya tribhuvanadhisah phaladah phalam icchatam atmanam darsayam cakrur maya visnu-vinirmitah
Demigods like Lord Brahma and Lord Siva, who can satisfy all materially ambitious men by giving them the rewards they desire, then manifested their own identities before King Rantideva, for it was they who had presented themselves as the brahmana, sudra, candala and so on.
स वै तेभ्यो नमस्कृत्य नि:सङ्गो विगतस्पृह: । वासुदेवे भगवति भक्त्या चक्रे मन: परम् ॥ १६ ॥
sa vai tebhyo namaskrtya nihsango vigata-sprhah vasudeve bhagavati bhaktya cakre manah param
King Rantideva had no ambition to enjoy material benefits from the demigods. He offered them obeisances, but because he was factually attached to Lord Visnu, Vasudeva, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, he fixed his mind at Lord Visnu’s lotus feet.
ईश्वरालम्बनं चित्तं कुर्वतोऽनन्यराधस: । माया गुणमयी राजन्स्वप्नवत् प्रत्यलीयत ॥ १७ ॥
isvaralambanam cittam kurvato ’nanya-radhasah maya guna-mayi rajan svapnavat pratyaliyata
O Maharaja Pariksit, because King Rantideva was a pure devotee, always Krsna conscious and free from all material desires, the Lord’s illusory energy, maya, could not exhibit herself before him. On the contrary, for him maya entirely vanished, exactly like a dream.
तत्प्रसङ्गानुभावेन रन्तिदेवानुवर्तिन: । अभवन् योगिन: सर्वे नारायणपरायणा: ॥ १८ ॥
tat-prasanganubhavena rantidevanuvartinah abhavan yoginah sarve narayana-parayanah
All those who followed the principles of King Rantideva were totally favored by his mercy and became pure devotees, attached to the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Narayana. Thus they all became the best of yogis.
गर्गाच्छिनिस्ततो गार्ग्य: क्षत्राद् ब्रह्म ह्यवर्तत । दुरितक्षयो महावीर्यात् तस्य त्रय्यारुणि: कवि: ॥ १९ ॥ पुष्करारुणिरित्यत्र ये ब्राह्मणगतिं गता: । बृहत्क्षत्रस्य पुत्रोऽभूद्धस्ती यद्धस्तिनापुरम् ॥ २० ॥
gargac chinis tato gargyah ksatrad brahma hy avartata duritaksayo mahaviryat tasya trayyarunih kavih puskararunir ity atra ye brahmana-gatim gatah brhatksatrasya putro ’bhud dhasti yad-dhastinapuram
From Garga came a son named Sini, and his son was Gargya. Although Gargya was a ksatriya, there came from him a generation of brahmanas. From Mahavirya came a son named Duritaksaya, whose sons were Trayyaruni, Kavi and Puskararuni. Although these sons of Duritaksaya took birth in a dynasty of ksatriyas, they too attained the position of brahmanas. Brhatksatra had a son named Hasti, who established the city of Hastinapura [now New Delhi].
अजमीढो द्विमीढश्च पुरुमीढश्च हस्तिन: । अजमीढस्य वंश्या: स्यु: प्रियमेधादयो द्विजा: ॥ २१ ॥
ajamidho dvimidhas ca purumidhas ca hastinah ajamidhasya vamsyah syuh priyamedhadayo dvijah
From King Hasti came three sons, named Ajamidha, Dvimidha and Purumidha. The descendants of Ajamidha, headed by Priyamedha, all achieved the position of brahmanas.
अजमीढाद् बृहदिषुस्तस्य पुत्रो बृहद्धनु: । बृहत्कायस्ततस्तस्य पुत्र आसीज्जयद्रथ: ॥ २२ ॥
ajamidhad brhadisus tasya putro brhaddhanuh brhatkayas tatas tasya putra asij jayadrathah
From Ajamidha came a son named Brhadisu, from Brhadisu came a son named Brhaddhanu, from Brhaddhanu a son named Brhatkaya, and from Brhatkaya a son named Jayadratha.
तत्सुतो विशदस्तस्य स्येनजित् समजायत । रुचिराश्वो दृढहनु: काश्यो वत्सश्च तत्सुता: ॥ २३ ॥
tat-suto visadas tasya syenajit samajayata rucirasvo drdhahanuh kasyo vatsas ca tat-sutah
The son of Jayadratha was Visada, and his son was Syenajit. The sons of Syenajit were Rucirasva, Drdhahanu, Kasya and Vatsa.
रुचिराश्वसुत: पार: पृथुसेनस्तदात्मज: । पारस्य तनयो नीपस्तस्य पुत्रशतं त्वभूत् ॥ २४ ॥
rucirasva-sutah parah prthusenas tad-atmajah parasya tanayo nipas tasya putra-satam tv abhut
The son of Rucirasva was Para, and the sons of Para were Prthusena and Nipa. Nipa had one hundred sons.
स कृत्व्यां शुककन्यायां ब्रह्मदत्तमजीजनत् । योगी स गवि भार्यायां विष्वक्सेनमधात् सुतम् ॥ २५ ॥
sa krtvyam suka-kanyayam brahmadattam ajijanat yogi sa gavi bharyayam visvaksenam adhat sutam
King Nipa begot a son named Brahmadatta through the womb of his wife, Krtvi, who was the daughter of Suka. And Brahmadatta, who was a great yogi, begot a son named Visvaksena through the womb of his wife, Sarasvati.
जैगीषव्योपदेशेन योगतन्त्रं चकार ह । उदक्सेनस्ततस्तस्माद् भल्लाटो बार्हदीषवा: ॥ २६ ॥
jaigisavyopadesena yoga-tantram cakara ha udaksenas tatas tasmad bhallato barhadisavah
Following the instructions of the great sage Jaigisavya, Visvaksena compiled an elaborate description of the mystic yoga system. From Visvaksena, Udaksena was born, and from Udaksena, Bhallata. All these sons are known as descendants of Brhadisu.
यवीनरो द्विमीढस्य कृतिमांस्तत्सुत: स्मृत: । नाम्ना सत्यधृतिस्तस्य दृढनेमि: सुपार्श्वकृत् ॥ २७ ॥
yavinaro dvimidhasya krtimams tat-sutah smrtah namna satyadhrtis tasya drdhanemih suparsvakrt
The son of Dvimidha was Yavinara, whose son was Krtiman. The son of Krtiman was well known as Satyadhrti. From Satyadhrti came a son named Drdhanemi, who became the father of Suparsva.
सुपार्श्वात् सुमतिस्तस्य पुत्र: सन्नतिमांस्तत: । कृती हिरण्यनाभाद् यो योगं प्राप्य जगौ स्म षट् ॥ २८ ॥ संहिता: प्राच्यसाम्नां वै नीपो ह्युद्ग्रायुधस्तत: । तस्य क्षेम्य: सुवीरोऽथ सुवीरस्य रिपुञ्जय: ॥ २९ ॥
suparsvat sumatis tasya putrah sannatimams tatah krti hiranyanabhad yo yogam prapya jagau sma sat samhitah pracyasamnam vai nipo hy udgrayudhas tatah tasya ksemyah suviro ’tha suvirasya ripunjayah
From Suparsva came a son named Sumati, from Sumati came Sannatiman, and from Sannatiman came Krti, who achieved mystic power from Brahma and taught six samhitas of the Pracyasama verses of the Sama Veda. The son of Krti was Nipa; the son of Nipa, Udgrayudha; the son of Udgrayudha, Ksemya; the son of Ksemya, Suvira; and the son of Suvira, Ripunjaya.
ततो बहुरथो नाम पुरुमीढोऽप्रजोऽभवत् । नलिन्यामजमीढस्य नील: शान्तिस्तु तत्सुत: ॥ ३० ॥
tato bahuratho nama purumidho ’prajo ’bhavat nalinyam ajamidhasya nilah santis tu tat-sutah
From Ripunjaya came a son named Bahuratha. Purumidha was sonless. Ajamidha had a son named Nila by his wife known as Nalini, and the son of Nila was Santi.
शान्ते: सुशान्तिस्तत्पुत्र: पुरुजोऽर्कस्ततोऽभवत् । भर्म्याश्वस्तनयस्तस्य पञ्चासन्मुद्गलादय: ॥ ३१ ॥ यवीनरो बृहद्विश्व: काम्पिल्ल: सञ्जय: सुता: । भर्म्याश्व: प्राह पुत्रा मे पञ्चानां रक्षणाय हि ॥ ३२ ॥ विषयाणामलमिमे इति पञ्चालसंज्ञिता: । मुद्गलाद् ब्रह्मनिर्वृत्तं गोत्रं मौद्गल्यसंज्ञितम् ॥ ३३ ॥
santeh susantis tat-putrah purujo ’rkas tato ’bhavat bharmyasvas tanayas tasya pancasan mudgaladayah yavinaro brhadvisvah kampillah sanjayah sutah bharmyasvah praha putra me pancanam raksanaya hi visayanam alam ime iti pancala-samjnitah mudgalad brahma-nirvrttam gotram maudgalya-samjnitam
The son of Santi was Susanti, the son of Susanti was Puruja, and the son of Puruja was Arka. From Arka came Bharmyasva, and from Bharmyasva came five sons — Mudgala, Yavinara, Brhadvisva, Kampilla and Sanjaya. Bharmyasva prayed to his sons, “O my sons, please take charge of my five states, for you are quite competent to do so.” Thus his five sons were known as the Pancalas. From Mudgala came a dynasty of brahmanas known as Maudgalya.
मिथुनं मुद्गलाद् भार्म्याद् दिवोदास: पुमानभूत् । अहल्या कन्यका यस्यां शतानन्दस्तु गौतमात् ॥ ३४ ॥
mithunam mudgalad bharmyad divodasah puman abhut ahalya kanyaka yasyam satanandas tu gautamat
Mudgala, the son of Bharmyasva, had twin children, one male and the other female. The male child was named Divodasa, and the female child was named Ahalya. From the womb of Ahalya by the semen of her husband, Gautama, came a son named Satananda.
तस्य सत्यधृति: पुत्रो धनुर्वेदविशारद: । शरद्वांस्तत्सुतो यस्मादुर्वशीदर्शनात् किल । शरस्तम्बेऽपतद् रेतो मिथुनं तदभूच्छुभम् ॥ ३५ ॥
tasya satyadhrtih putro dhanur-veda-visaradah saradvams tat-suto yasmad urvasi-darsanat kila sara-stambe ’patad reto mithunam tad abhuc chubham
The son of Satananda was Satyadhrti, who was expert in archery, and the son of Satyadhrti was Saradvan. When Saradvan met Urvasi, he discharged semen, which fell on a clump of sara grass. From this semen were born two all-auspicious babies, one male and the other female.
तद् दृष्ट्वा कृपयागृह्णाच्छान्तनुर्मृगयां चरन् । कृप: कुमार: कन्या च द्रोणपत्न्यभवत्कृपी ॥ ३६ ॥
tad drstva krpayagrhnac chantanur mrgayam caran krpah kumarah kanya ca drona-patny abhavat krpi
While Maharaja Santanu was on a hunting excursion, he saw the male and female children lying in the forest, and out of compassion he took them home. Consequently, the male child was known as Krpa, and the female child was named Krpi. Krpi later became the wife of Dronacarya.
